What is the primary purpose of VPC Peering?

The primary purpose of VPC Peering is to allow communication between two Virtual Private Clouds (VPCs) using private IP addresses. This enables resources within the peered VPCs to communicate with each other as if they were within the same network. It is an effective way to facilitate secure and direct connectivity between VPCs, allowing for traffic to flow over private IPs without needing to traverse public internet routes.

VPC Peering is designed for scenarios where multiple VPCs—potentially within the same account or across different accounts—need to share resources or communicate seamlessly while maintaining privacy and security. By leveraging private IP addresses, organizations can achieve lower latency, enhanced security, and better performance, all while avoiding the complexities associated with public internet routing.

Options that focus on connecting on-premises environments or enhancing security in data transfer describe different AWS services and functionalities but do not specifically highlight the primary role of VPC Peering in facilitating direct communication between VPCs. Additionally, while VPC Peering does indeed avoid the public internet, the essence of the service is more centered around enabling direct private connectivity than merely avoiding public pathways.